Phone: +234-7067899368

Monographs

VILLAGE MONITORING SYSTEMS: NIGERIA EARLY WARNING EARLY RESPONSE IN KADUNA, PLATEAU, TARABA AND ZAMFARA STATES
This report offers an overview of the EWER system implemented by CLEEN and its partners to address insecurity in selected communities within Nigeria’s Kaduna, Plateau, Taraba, and Zamfara states. The project highlights the important work conducted by major stakeholders (comprising individuals, governmental and non-governmental organisations, civil societies, formal and traditional institutions, local security networks and government law enforcement agencies) in utilising EWER approaches to mitigating and preventing conflicts in the communities of the selected states…….DOWNLOAD
MONITORING COMPLIANCE OF COURT PROCEEDINGS WITH THE ACJA 2015 AND THE ADMINISTRATION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE LAWS IN THE FCT ABUJA, LAGOS, ENUGU, KADUNA, EKITI, ONDO, ANAMBRA AND OYO STATES
The Administration of Criminal Justice Act (ACJA 2015) came into force in 2015 to address several challenges in the criminal justice process in the country. The ACJA 2015 significantly alters the criminal justice process with a view to raising efficiency and effectiveness in the quality of justice delivery in Nigeria. Irrespective of the innovative provisions of the Act, implementation of the Act has remained slow and some of the challenges have been attributed to low level of awareness amongst criminal justice institutions including the police. …….DOWNLOAD
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE ACT(ACJA)2015
— POLICY BRIEF–
The Administration of Criminal Justice Act (ACJA 2015) came into force in 2015 to address several challenges in the criminal justice process in the country. The ACJA 2015 significantly alters the criminal justice process with a view to raising efficiency and effectiveness in the quality of justice delivery in Nigeria. Irrespective of the innovative provisions of the Act, implementation of the Act has remained slow and some of the challenges have been attributed to low level of awareness amongst criminal justice institutions including the police. …….DOWNLOAD
 TRAINING MANUAL FOR NIGERIA POLICE FORCE ON PROVISION OF ACJA
The Administration of Criminal Justice Act (ACJA 2015) came into force in 2015 to address several challenges in the criminal justice process in the country. The ACJA 2015 significantly alters the criminal justice process with a view to raising efficiency and effectiveness in the quality of justice delivery in Nigeria. Irrespective of the innovative provisions of the Act, implementation of the Act has remained slow and some of the challenges have been attributed to low level of awareness amongst criminal justice institutions including the police. …….DOWNLOAD
TRAINING MANUAL ON GENDER AWARENESS IN CONFLICT AND EMERGENCIES
The police play a very critical role in protecting the lives and properties of individuals (men, women, and children). They are principally responsible for maintaining internal peace and order; upholding the rule of law and performing their duties with sensitivity and regard for members of community. Since the liberation of most of the LGAs in Borno, the police have been largely deployed to stay among the populace ensuring the return of civil authority, protection of lives and properties of the returnees in the communities. In 2016, over 100 police women were posted to protect victims and women in the communities in Borno state to respond to the specific needs of women and girls especially in a conflict environment. …DOWNLOAD
NON-STATE ARMED GROUPS IN NORTH EAST NIGERIA CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR SECURITY SECTOR GOVERNANCE
Nigeria has battled governance and security challenges since independence. Following the return to democracy in May 1999, however, a spike in the activities of a diverse number of armed violent groups increased the level of insecurity in the country. Since Boko Haram’s emergence in 2009, the group has killed at least 20,000 people, displaced more than 2.6 million others, and deeply fractured the Nigeria’s fragile security environment. Government’s limited capacity to deal with security breaches by Boko Haram and a host of other armed violent groups, became the basis for the emergence of other armed groups wanting to fill the gap. …….Read more
BUILDING COMMUNITY RESILIENCE THROUGH PARTICIPATION IN BENUE AND KOGI STATES: A BASELINE REPORT
Violence is a major source of insecurity in Nigeria. The country is increasingly confronted with violent crimes and conflicts, ranging from kidnapping, armed robbery, banditry, oil theft and electoral violence, to communal conflicts, militancy, farmers-herdsmen clashes and terrorism, among others. The frequency, intensity and spread of violence in the country
cause grave concern within and outside Nigeria.The Nigerian government has adopted several measures to deal with the security situation, including a National Security Strategy that envisions Nigeria as “a violence-free, safe, peaceful, self-reliant, prosperous and strong nation”. …….Read more
SECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT: TOWARDS 2015 ELECTIONS(TENTH EDITION)
The Nigeria 2015 General Elections initially scheduled to hold on 14th and 28th February were on Saturday 7th February 2015 rescheduled by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). The elections will now hold on 28th March (Presidential and National Assembly) and on April 11 (Gubernatorial and State Assembly). In announcing the re-schedule, INEC cited insecurity and the consequent renewed offensive against the Boko Haram by security services. Although the levels of insecurity in Nigeria had been high, it was the non-availability of the military to provide support to INEC and to the police in the conduct of the elections that ultimately led to …….Read more
SECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT: TOWARDS 2015 ELECTIONS(NINTH EDITION)
There is also uneasy calm in other parts of the country. In Gombe State, supporters and family members of the former governor, Danjuma Goje were arrested by the police after the governor, Ibrahim Dankwambo was pelted in Kashere, Danjuma Goje’s hometown. The police also ransacked the Gombe residence of the state APC gubernatorial aspirant after arresting his close political associates. The defection is not limited to the ruling PDP and the leading opposition APC but they are the major losers and gainers, respectively. More-so, supporters of the All Progressives Congress were injured in Port-Harcourt when they were shot at while on their way to attend their Presidential …….Read more
SECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT: TOWARDS 2015 ELECTIONS(EIGHTH EDITION)
The party primaries were conducted without known records of serious violence by various political parties, they were however not without alleged cases of deliberate attempts to favour one party aspirants over the other and of course “staged walk-outs” from the venue of the primaries. There were strong allegations of marked irregularities especially in the gubernatorial primaries in favour of some candidates.Party primaries in four out of the six states (Adamawa, Borno, Yobe and Taraba) were held in Abuja, ostensibly for security concerns. Management of the grievances for those who lost in the primaries is crucial for peaceful elections.The continuous advancement and sophistication of the Boko Haram group has been used by politicians to further hit up the politics …….Read more
SECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT: TOWARDS 2015 ELECTIONS(SEVENTH EDITION)
This month presented us with lots of intrigues, squabbles, accusation and counter-accusation and security threats ahead of 2015 elections. President Goodluck Jonathan on the 11th declared his intention to contest for the 2015 presidential race just a day after a suicide bomber denoted bomb in a secondary school in Yobe State, killing 48 and injuring 78 students. On October 20th 2014, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, Aminu Tambuwal, defected to the All Progressives Congress (APC) from the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). This was not without attendant issues leading to the withdrawal of his security aids and call for removal by the PDP as …….Read more
SECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT: TOWARDS 2015 ELECTIONS(SIXTH EDITION)
Under a time table released by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), Nigeria will undertake Presidential and National Assembly elections on 14 February 2015. Two weeks later, voting will occur to elect State Governors and State Houses of Assembly. It has also published new data on voters’ registration and distribution of polling units across the federation. Electioneering process is already gearing up ahead of the elections evident by several activities of key actors. Adequate preparation and planning is essential to the effective management of elections.According to INEC timetable for the elections, campaigns are slated to commence on 16 November 2014. INEC has approved the distribution of Permanent Voter Cards (PVCs) in thirteen states in …….Read more
SECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT: TOWARDS 2015 ELECTIONS(FIFTH EDITION)
INEC distributed Permanent Voters Card (PVCs) and continued with Continuous Voters Registration (CVR) across the country. INEC also procured 150,000 Card Readers to fast track the accreditation process of voters during the February 2015 General Elections. INEC has also established citizens’ contact centres as well as online voter verification platform. It plans to use electronic transmission of results during the next general elections and is in the process of implementing a redelineation (delimitation) of electoral constituencies aimed at creating an additional 30,027 Polling Units (PUs) ahead of the 2015 elections (21,615 PUs allocated to the North; 8,412 PUs to the South). The Nigerian Police, through the former Force Public Relations Officer had reported that the …….Read more
ELECTION SECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT: TOWARDS 2015 ELECTIONS
The security situation has been dominated by the cases of cattle rustling, banditry, assassinations, ritual killings, political skirmishes and rape. Two different cases of violence in March 2014 killed over 200 people Katsina and Kaduna state alone. The violent confrontations between farmers and herdsmen, as well as overnight attacks against defenseless communities in some North central states by suspected Fulani marauders, pose serious threats to national security. This situation is seen by many communities as a reflection of the failure of the Nigerian state to protect its citizen, in the face of its displacement by non-state actors in terms of the control of the instruments of coercion. The inability of the security agencies …….Read more
YOUTHS, RADICALISATION AND AFFILIATION WITH INSURGENT GROUPS IN NORTHERN NIGERIA
The violent activities of the Boko Haram sect in Nigeria, which draws its members largely from the youth, have underpinned growing concern over youth radicalisation and religious extremism in Northern Nigeria. Radicalisation as it is understood here entails the process by which an individual or group transits from a state of passive reception of revolutionary, militant or extremist views, ideas and beliefs to active pursuit of the ideals of such views, ideas and beliefs, especially through supporting, promoting or adopting violence as a means to achieving such intentions. It is such transition that underlies violent extremism or terrorism ….Read more.
RAPPORT D’UN ATELIER REGIONAL DE TROIS JOURS SUR LES CONFLITS ET LA GOUVERNANCE DE LA SECURITE EN AFRIQUE DE L’OUEST
La réunion a été convoquée pour débattre une étude qui avait été réalisée sur le rôle du personnel de sécurité dans les situations de conflit mettant ainsi à essai l’hypothèse selon laquelle le personnel de sécurité aggrave toujours les situations de conflit. L’étude a été menée dans sept (7) pays de l’Afrique de l’Ouest lesquels sont le Niger, le Burkina Faso, le Libéria, la Sierra Léone, le Mali, le Nigeria et le Ghana. L’Atelier qui a tiré des participants venus des groupes de la société civile, des ONG, des agences de sécurité, de la police, du monde intellectuel, du media des pays qui ont été étudiés, a également identifié les voies et moyens de contrôler les conflits dans la région ….Read more.
REPORT OF A THREE-DAY REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON CONFLICTS AND SECURITY GOVERNANCE IN WEST AFRICA ORGANISED
The conference presented academic studies and analyses of the state of security governance in each country with particular emphasis on security governance, its impact on conflict situations, lessons learnt and what could be done to improve security governance. The findings presented were contained in a book, Conflicts and Security Governance in West Africa, edited by Dr Abdul Raufu Mustapha, which was contained in each participant’s conference bag. Presentations were taken by the researchers that conducted the studies in each country.The conference identified ways of curbing conflicts in the region, while ensuring that strategic governance is the yardstick for. ….Read more.
WAGING PEACE IN WEST AFRICA: A GOOD PRACTICES GUIDE TO DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE OF THE SECURITY SECTOR
Since the 1990s, the 15 countries of the Economic Commission of West Africa States (ECOWAS) have established rule of law, functioning state institutions and relatively good governance. Furthermore, these ECOWAS countries have also experienced relatively strong rates of economic growth that is higher than the Africa average. However, in the recent past, these ECOWAS countries have also witnessed three waves of insecurity on a scale large. The continued growth of the economies of West African states and the wellbeing of their peoples will depend on the ability of these countries to address the collective and individual security challenges which they currently face ….Read more.
EXTERNAL POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY AND THE POLICE SERVICE COMMISSION
All over the world, the principal agency charged with the responsibility of internal peace and security of nations is the Police. As a result, a lot of powers are given to the police to enable it perform its duties. The police wield enormous powers in the performance of its duties, if this power is not subjected to mechanism of accountability, the rights and freedom of citizens can be adversely affected. The overwhelming powers of the Police to carry out surveillance, arrest, investigation, search, seizure, interrogation, detention, bail and prosecution in order to enhance their capability to guarantee the fundamental human rights and freedoms of citizens requires no doubt a strong ….Read more.
SECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT TOWARDS 2015 ELECTIONS
The merger between the Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN), Congress for Progressive Change (CPC), All Nigerian Peoples Party (ANPP) and other smaller parties, has provided an opportunity for opposition parties to align and challenge the dominance of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). This however will also provide the backdrop for a keenly contested election in 2015. The zoning arrangement for the presidency is also a key issue that will define the face of the 2015 elections and possible security consequences.Across the six geopolitical zones, other factors will define.These include the persisting state of insecurity from the insurgency and activities of ….Read more.
EXTERNAL POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY AND THE POLICE SERVICE COMMISSION
All over the world, the principal agency charged with the responsibility of internal peace and security of nations is the Police. As a result, a lot of powers are given to the police to enable it perform its duties. The police wield enormous powers in the performance of its duties, if this power is not subjected to mechanism of accountability, the rights and freedom of citizens can be adversely affected. The overwhelming powers of the Police to carry out surveillance, arrest, investigation, search, seizure, interrogation, detention, bail and prosecution in order to enhance their capability to guarantee the fundamental human rights and freedoms of citizens requires no doubt a strong ….Read more.
SECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT TOWARDS 2015 ELECTIONS: SECOND EDITION
Political discourse in Nigeria in the last few months has been dominated by the internal crisis of the ruling PDP, the defection of the G7 governor’s to form the New PDP (nPDP), the increasing campaigns by the major opposition, APC, and the more recent defection of G5 (of the nPDP G7) governors to APC. The security situation in several parts of the country remains very precarious with intermittent Boko Haram attacks despite of the State of Emergency in some states in North East. Communal violence, armed robbery and kidnapping are also still prevalent in several other parts of the……Read more.
CRIMINAL VICTIMIZATION, POLICING AND GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA
Crime victimization survey provides valuable information for understanding the extent, trend and pattern of crime victimization in a community or nation. It also provides data on the nature and perception of crime and disorder problems. Crime victimization surveys provide the government with information on citizens’ perception of the quality and problems of security, policing and governance. The principal aim of this survey is to generate reliable data on crime victimization, fear of crime, feeling of safety, policing and governancein Nigeria that can be used to develop and implement policies and strategies that will promote effective security and criminal justice ….Read more.
OPERATIONALIZING INTELLIGENCE LED-POLICING IN NIGERIA
Law enforcement agencies in various parts of the world are currently witnessing serious challenges from organized crimes, insurgencies and terrorism. In Nigeria, the crime situation is worrisome because every geo-political zone is witnessing various types of violent crimes and conflicts. In the South-South Zone, armed robbery, kidnapping, sabotage of petroleum production facilities by militant youths led by the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) are prevalent.The South East and South West are noted for organized crimes including drug and human ….Read more.
CIVIL SOCIETY PANEL ON POLICE REFORM IN NIGERIA 2012
Official debates about police reform in Nigeria and committees established by successive governments to facilitate such discussions and recommendations of measures for implementation have mostly been dominated by people with a security background who view such assignments as their exclusive preserve. As a result, their reports have often focussed on increasing policing capacity in the areas of personnel strength, materials for work and welfare; as though once these are right, the NPF will be super effective and efficient. While not belittling the significant difference a properly resourced …Read more
THE LEADERSHIP QUESTION IN THE NIGERIA POLICE FORCE
Appointment of persons to leadership position in the Nigeria Police Force has become a topic of debate because since the inauguration of elected civilian government in 1999, six (6) IGPs have been appointed, indicating a high turnover of leadership in the Force.
There is a lack of clear cut, transparent criteria for consideration by the President in the appointment process this has sometimes led to the appointment of square pegs in round holes. The increase in the state of insecurity in the country usually necessitates the clamour for the removal of the IGP by the public. Before an appointment is made for the positon of the Inspector General of Police there is a need to consider certain issues such as…Read more.
REVIEW OF ELECTIONS SECURITY DURING THE 2011 GENERAL ELECTIONS IN NIGERIA
Nigerians went into the 2011 general elections with both high expectations and huge concerns. They were tired of elections that were marred with fraud, massive rigging, violence and insecurity. They expected an even playing ground for all political aspirants and banked on the credibility of the leadership of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) to deliver free and fair elections in which the voice of the people would be heard through their votes. They wanted to vote, for their votes to be counted and for those votes to count. On the other hand, the various political tensions that were mounting in the country as parties struggled within and among themselve.... Read more
RESPONDING TO THE EMERGING TRENDS OF TERRORISM IN NIGERIA
The growing conflict between the Nigeria state and various ethnic or religious groups such as the Odua Peoples’ Congress (OPC), Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND), Jama’atu Ahlus Sunnah Lidda’awati wal- Jihad (People Committed to the Prophet’s Teachings and Jihad) popularly referred to as Boko Haram, has exacted a devastating effect on the safety and security of Nigerians. Since January 2009, there have been various attacks by these groups which has led to the deaths of dozens of people and large scale destruction of property.Examples of some of the attacks are the 1st of October 2010 bomb blast at the Eagle Square, Abuja, the 31st of December 2010
bombing of the Mammy market of the Mogadishu Barracks in Abuja….. Read more.
YOUNG PEOPLE AND THE POLICE IN LAGOS STATE
The relationship between young people and the police has normally been characterized by mutual suspicion and hostility. However, in Nigeria, very little data has been collected regarding this seemingly acrimonious relationship. Given the current political and social dynamics in Nigeria, it’s important to better understand the attitudes young people and police hold towards each other. Today, the police often pay special attention to the activities of young people, largely because of the perceived increase in youth crime in recent years. Pressure from both the media and elites on the police to crack down on
young delinquents has brought about increased contact between.. Read more..
CONFERENCE ON MAKING DEMOCRACY WORK FOR NIGERIAN PEOPLE
Well over a decade down the road of democratic civilian rule, Nigeria continues to be dogged by humongous challenges of governance exemplified by pervasive poverty, chronic insecurity and abysmal public services and infrastructure. Lack of accountability, weak democratic institutions including the rule of law, and blatant corruption have all but atrophied the dividends of democracy, leaving a large majority of the citizens utterly disillusioned on the hope of realising the highly cherished promises of democracy. Little wonder then why the level of satisfaction and support for democratic means of governance among ordinary Nigerians has continued… Read more
REPORT OF YOUTH AND POLICING SUMMIT IN LAGOS STATE
This Publication is in two parts. Part one is a compilation of the proceeding of the summit which is divided into two chapters. Chapter one focuses on addresses, goodwill speeches and remarks delivered at the opening session of the summit. Chapter Two, dwells on papers presented during the plenary sessions. And the last session ties up the communiqué, drawn up at the end of the summit, together with agreements and resolution on the way forward. The last part of this publication provides a detailed report of the summit on Youth and Policing for 2010… Read more
YOUTH ALIENATION IN NIGERIA
The youth have been aptly described as “the greatest assets that any nation can have (National Youth Policy, 1991).” Not only are they legitimately regarded as future leaders they are also the greatest investment any country can have for its future development. Young people serve as a barometer for measuring the extent to which a country can reproduce as well as sustain itself. The extent of vitality and responsibility displayed by the youth and the roles they play in society are positively correlated with the development of a country (National Youth Policy, 1991). Since Nigeria’s independencel… Read more
EMERGENCY RESPONSES TO VICTIMS OF GUN VIOLENCE AND ROAD ACCIDENTS
Every year more and more Nigerians die as a result of failure of emergency response system in coming to the aid of victims of road accidents, gunshot injuries and other trauma cases. Though there are flashes of intervention and reform initiatives at both federal and state levels, these efforts are often under resourced, uncoordinated, too dispersed and not sustained long enough to provide sufficient care for victims.
In response to this problem, CLEEN Foundation in collaboration with the Nigeria Police Force and Nigerian Medical Association, Lagos branch, organized a stakeholders’ forum on emergency response to trauma victims to enable them … Read more
ENHANCING ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEM IN THE NIGERIA POLICE FORCE
The Nigeria Police Force, as an institution, wields enormous powers in the discharge of its constitutional and statutory mandate of maintaining public order, enforcing the law, ensuring internal security and controlling crime. This mandate makes it a strategic and significant institution but the attendant power is also likely to be abused if left unfettered and unaccounted for. Various reports on the performance of the Nigeria Police have however been very indicting, and have implicated the police in several acts of misconduct, abuse, and violation of the rights of criminal suspects and other citizens that have come in contact it … Read more
CORRUPTION AND GOVERNANCE CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA
Since the return to civil rule in 1999, Nigeria government has taken some steps to address the twin problems of corruption and bad governance in the country. These measures include public service reform (monetization to reduce waste and reduction of over bloated personnel, reform of public procurement); establishment of Anti-corruption Enforcement agencies (such as the Economic and Financial Crime Commission, Independent Corruption and other Practices Commission); and the ongoing sanitization of the financial services sector by the Central Bank under Governor Sanusi, which has revealed mind bugling levels of bare faced theft by the management of several banks
in Nigeria. Despite the successes achieved by these measures, the situation remains unacceptable as corruption continues to permeate and pervade every facet of national life in Nigeria … Read more
CRIMINAL VICTIMIZATION AND SAFETY IN LAGOS STATE, 2009
CITIZENSHIP AND IDENTITY POLITICS IN NIGERIA
In March 2009, the CLEEN Foundation in collaboration with the Ford Foundation organized a two-day national conference on citizenship and identity politics in Nigeria, which brought together stakeholders from security agencies, academia, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), media, government departments and diplomatic community to the capital city of Abuja, to brainstorm and identify measures that could be implemented to address the problems identity-based politics and conflicts have wrought on the Nigerian State. This publication is a compilation of proceedings of the conference…. Read more
CRIMINAL VICTIMIZATION, SAFETY AND POLICING IN NIGERIA: 2006
This report is the second to be produced under the CLEEN Foundation’s National Crime Victimization Survey’s Project, which began in 2005. The objectives of the project were to provide policy makers and practitioners in the Nigeria criminal justice systems, especially the police, with reliable and complimentary information to official statistics on extent, trend and patterns of criminal victimization in the country as well as geographical distribution of victimization. This we hope would aid the development of appropriate responses to crime and victimization by stakeholders as well as enable a time series analysis and better appreciation of the direction of crime and victimization in.. Read more
Crime and victim statistics are required by various audiences for different purposes. The efforts by criminologists to study criminals, crimes and victims as well as responses or reaction of government and non-governmental agencies to them will be greatly impaired by the absence of reliable crime and victimization statistics. Similarly, criminal justice policy-makers cannot plan properly for effective control of crime and insecurity if they do not have reliable statistics on criminality and criminal victimization. The law enforcement officials can also not offer effective service if they do not know the extent and pattern of crime and victimization in their commands. Read more
There persists today a myth of a Hobbesian Niger Delta. Gang wars, cult killings, kidnapping of oil workers, hijacking of oil tankers, violent occupation of oil installations, armed robbery, election violence and communal conflicts are the raw materials for this mythology of the Niger Delta. This myth, in turn, feeds into stereotypes of a Niger Delta that is peopled by groups that are prone to conflict, criminality and violence. Yet, paradoxically, under military rule the Niger Delta was portrayed as the epitome of democratic resistance by local communities and their organizations. Read Book
The survey conducted in August 2004, covered Lagos metropolis. Data were obtained through multi-stage sampling design. The target population from which the sample was drawn were people who were 16 years or older in 14 Local Government Areas. Fieldwork was carried out by the staff of the Federal Office of Lagos with supervision by staff of CLEEN Foundation also based in Lagos, In all, 2091 respondents were interviewed: to find out whether or not they were victims of crime during the past five years; to discover extent and types of criminal victimization in Lagos metropolis; to find out the level … Read Book