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SITUATION ANALYSIS ON ANALYSIS ON PUBLIC SAFETY AND SECURITY FOR THE NOVEMBER 18, 2017 GOVERNORSHIP ELECTION IN ANAMBRA STATE

The South East geo-political region of Nigeria has in recent time continued to experience some forms of agitation and expression of discontentment by its indigenes in reaction to the perceived disadvantaged political and economic position of the region in the Nigerian project. Of interest to the stir which is being championed by various formal, informal and social groups are activities of the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB). The activities of IPOB and government response strategies have no doubt impacted on governance and livelihood in the entire South East, implied largely to perceived unrest indicating a threat to the overall development and peace in the region.  …..Read more.

MIGRATION AND MOBILITY IN WEST AFRICA The world as we know it today depends largely on migration to achieve the interspersing of cultures, goods, services and peoples. It serves as a veritable tool for adjusting skills, age and sectoral composition of national and regional labour markets, all of which when put together provide an enabling environment for the economic development of any society. Recognizing that the free movement of persons, goods and services is mandatory for economic development and regional integration, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has devoted much of its 40 years existence to promoting free movement of persons, goods and services across national boundaries in West Africa.While the efforts of ECOWAS to facilitate easy movement …..Read more.
THE 2015 ELECTION VIABILITY SURVEY REPORT The party primaries were conducted without known records of serious violence by various political parties, they were however not without alleged cases of deliberate attempts to favour one party aspirants over the other and of course “staged walk-outs” from the venue of the primaries. There were strong allegations of marked irregularities especially in the gubernatorial primaries in favour of some candidates.Party primaries in four out of the six states (Adamawa, Borno, Yobe and Taraba) were held in Abuja, ostensibly for security concerns. Management of the grievances for those who lost in the primaries is crucial for peaceful elections.The continuous advancement and sophistication of the Boko Haram group has been used by politicians to further hit up the politics …..Read more.
2014 ANNUAL REPORT The primary duty of a criminal justice system is to dispense criminal justice in accordance with due process or rule of law. In practical terms, criminal justice refers to the determination of the guilt or innocence of a suspect and the allocation of punishment that is fair and proportional to a convict’s offence, with due recognition and protection of the rights of offenders, victims and society. Due process implies fair, open and impartial trial of a suspect. The essence of due process is to prevent coercion and persecution rather than prosecution of suspects. Due process also prohibits illegal arrest and detention; search and seizure; self – incrimination; double jeopardy; excessive bail and unduly long pre-trial detention, cruel and unusual punishment …..Read more.
CRIME AND PUBLIC SAFETY IN NIGERIA The primary duty of a criminal justice system is to dispense criminal justice in accordance with due process or rule of law. In practical terms, criminal justice refers to the determination of the guilt or innocence of a suspect and the allocation of punishment that is fair and proportional to a convict’s offence, with due recognition and protection of the rights of offenders, victims and society. Due process implies fair, open and impartial trial of a suspect. The essence of due process is to prevent coercion and persecution rather than prosecution of suspects. Due process also prohibits illegal arrest and detention; search and seizure; self – incrimination; double jeopardy; excessive bail and unduly long pre-trial detention, cruel and unusual punishment …..Read more.
WAGING PEACE IN WEST AFRICA: A GOOD PRACTICES GUIDE TO DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE OF THE SECURITY SECTOR The 15 countries of the West Africa sub-region, organized under the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), stretch from Senegal in the west to Nigeria in the east. Since the Third Wave of Democratization from the late 1980s, most of these countries ‘have established rule of law, functioning state institutions and relatively good governance.’ Such is the tempo of democratization that in Ghana, Senegal, and Benin Republic incumbent ruling parties have been defeated at the polls, leading to peaceful alternation in governance, while Nigeria has enjoyed the longest spell of civilian rule in its post-colonial history. Furthermore, the ECOWAS countries have also …..Read more.
LES CONFLITS ET LA GOUVERNANCE DE LA SECURITE La gouvernance du secteur de la sécurité est une partie cruciale de l’histoire de la gouvernance précoloniale africaine avec toutes les guerres interethniques et religieuses à la fois internes et externes. Cette situation est due au fait que le système traditionnel de séparation de pouvoirs entre le commandant des forces belligérantes et les autorités gouvernementales était clair dans le cas où le roi ou la reine conduisait les forces sur le champ de batailles. Il y avait également les coups d’état, puis étaient intervenus les colonialistes qui étaient venus avec leur propre système, instruments et institutions se servant de la force non pas pour la sécurité mais pour une exploitation politique et économique.Pendant cette période, l’état de droit …..Read more.
NIGERIA POLICE FORCE HUMAN RIGHTS PRACTICE MANUAL No doubt, modern policing is increasingly being faced with challenges associated with rising incidents of crime and disorder, terrorism and the protection of lives and properties. Dealing with these issues requires designing strategies that need to maintain a delicate balance of law enforcement and respect of people’s rights. In addition, in the fight against criminality and terrorism, there are situations when police officers are left with no option but to use force, sometimes, deadly force, as authorized by law. However, no matter the situation or nature of the police mission ……Read more.
POLICE STATION VISITORS’ WEEK 2013 – NIGERIA REPORTT The PSVW promotes accountability and transparency. It also enhances accessibility of the police stations by the public in which their interactions aid in finding a lasting solution to the relationship issue between the police and the public. The visit is a mechanism aimed to achieve community policing, building and fostering police community interactions, identifying good practices that can be shared and replicated by other police formations in the country and the region.The 2013 PSVW was conducted like the other editions with the same kit designed by Altus. The kit consists of 20 questions addressing the five categories of assessing the police stations and the services they render to …..Read more.
POLICE STATION VISITORS’ WEEK 2013 – AFRICA REPORT The Accountability and Justice Programme has charge of CLEEN Foundation’s works in the enhancement of accountability in policing and security operations, the mainstreaming of gender issues and perspectives in the policy formulation and operations of security organisation and the pursuit of their overall institutional reform through legislation to enhance their functioning as effective security instruments in a democratic society. The programme achieves its mandate through three project units: the Accountability Project, the Legislative Advocacy Project and the Gender and Policing Project.Accountability Project: The overriding objective of the Accountability Project is the …..Read more.
PROMOTING PUBLIC SAFETY SECURITY AND JUSTICE The Accountability and Justice Programme has charge of CLEEN Foundation’s works in the enhancement of accountability in policing and security operations, the mainstreaming of gender issues and perspectives in the policy formulation and operations of security organisation and the pursuit of their overall institutional reform through legislation to enhance their functioning as effective security instruments in a democratic society. The programme achieves its mandate through three project units: the Accountability Project, the Legislative Advocacy Project and the Gender and Policing Project.Accountability Project: The overriding objective of the Accountability Project is the …..Read more.
LES CONFLITS ET LA GOUVERNANCE DE LA SECURITE EN AFRIQUE DE L’OUEST La gouvernance du secteur de la sécurité est une partie cruciale de l’histoire de la gouvernance précoloniale africaine avec toutes les guerres interethniques et religieuses à la fois internes et externes. Cette situation est due au fait que le système traditionnel de séparation de pouvoirs entre le commandant des forces belligérantes et les autorités gouvernementales était clair dans le cas où le roi ou la reine conduisait les forces sur le champ de batailles. Il y avait également les coups d’état, puis étaient intervenus les colonialistes qui étaient venus avec leur propre système, instruments et institutions se servant de la force non pas pour la sécurité mais pour une exploitation ….Read more.
CONFLICTS AND SECURITY GOVERNANCE IN WEST AFRICA Security sector governance is a crucial part of pre-colonial African history of governance with all the inter-ethnic and religious wars from within and without. This is because the traditional system of separation of powers between the Commander of the fighting forces and the ruling authority was clear even in cases where the King or Queen led the forces to the war front. There were also coup d’etats, and then came the colonialists who brought in their own system, instruments, and institutions and used force not for security but for political and economic exploitation.During this period, the rule of law, respect for human rights and the states’ responsibility to protect were far distant….Read more.
INSTITUTIONAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF CLEEN FOUNDATION Taking a moment to reflect on the impact and outcomes of journey so far, we found the record of the services delivered by the CLEEN Foundation in the period 1998-2013 to be very remarkable and commendable. Yet even more remarkable were the fond memories which our stakeholders shared about their experience of working with us. These memories come to us even after we have concluded our engagements and pulled out of some of the communities we had worked in. We were touched not only that people remembered the difference we made, but also that they saw the….Read more.
CRIMINAL VICTIMIZATION, POLICING AND GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA Many of the major events of 2012 in the country shaped CLEEN’s work in the year. Amongst them was the organisation of a parallel and complementary Civil Society Panel on Police Reforms in Nigeria (CSO Panel) facilitated by CLEEN in response to the Federal Government’s inauguration of yet another committee on reform of the Nigeria Police Force. The Panel paid attention to those salient issues often times overlooked by government committees on police reforms. Prioritising public consultation and participation in the reform process amongst its strategies, the panel organised public hearings and consultations with key stakeholders across the….Read more.
POLICE STATION VISITORS’ WEEK 2012 REPORT OF RESULTS The sixth edition of the edition of the Police Station Visitor’ Week (PSVW) was conducted from 3rd to 9th of December 2012 in Nigeria. 897 visitors participated; 483 of them were female while 414 were male. 262 police stations were visited in 14 police state commands namely Abia, Abuja-FCT, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu, Imo, Kaduna, Kano, Kastina, Lagos, Niger, Rivers, Zamfara states.The visitors were sent in groups or teams; each team made up of an average of three persons. The team leader was responsible for coordinating the visit includin writing narrative reports in line with the narrative report guideline by Altus….Read more.
PROTECTING HUMAN RIGHTS IN JUSTICE ADMINISTRATION Within Nigeria, the growing security challenges from myriad sources – including the unprecedented upsurge in terrorism, kidnapping for ransom, and increasingly piracy – underlined the urgent necessity of reform in the security sector. CLEEN has always insisted the such reform must embrace but must not be limited to enhancing the intelligence and coercive capacities of the security forces, but must also include improved conflict management mechanisms and a tighter integration of communities into the security policy of the nation.We are hopeful that the current reform efforts ….Read more
GOVERNANCE AND INSECURITY IN SOUTH EAST NIGERIA Thirteen years after the restoration of elected civilian government in Nigeria, serious existential challenges persist at the federal, state and local levels. These include persisting low public confidence in the capability of the electoral system to produce truly elected political leaders at various levels. Implementation of economic reform programmes that have neither improved public services nor produced jobs for thousands of young people graduating every year from higher institutions. Pervasive corruption, which has reduced government’s annual budgetary pronouncements and development targets to hollow rituals scuffed at by a cynical public….Read more
THE CHALLENGES OF YOUTH RESTIVENESS,VIOLENCE AND PEACE IN NORTHERN NIGERIA Youth restiveness and violence has become a recurring decimal in northern Nigeria particularly in Jos Plateau, Borno, Bauchi, Taraba, Gombe, Kano and Kaduna states. In some instances, it has taken the form of terrorist attacks and has become one of the critical problems the nation is facing at the moment. Several attacks have been carried out and serious damages recorded in this regards, leading to several deaths and loss of properties.The most recent attacks include the robbery at a bank in Bauchi state that resulted in several loss of life, the attack in Damaturu, ....Read more.

POLICE STATION VISITORS’ WEEK 2011 REPORT OF RESULTS

The fifth edition of Police Station Visitors’ Week (PSVW) was conducted from 31st of October to 6th of November, 2011 in Nigeria. Eight hundred and fifty-four (854) visitors participated; 47.2% of them were female (403) female. Two hundred and Sixty-one (261) police stations in six police State Commands, namely: Akwa Ibom, FCT, Imo, Kano, Lagos, Rivers state granted unfettered access to the visitors. These visitors were sent in groups or teams; each team was made up of a minimum of three persons. The team leader coordinated the visits, including writing narrative reports in line with the narrative report guidelines from Altus. The PSVW promotes …Read more.

SECURING ELECTIONS IN NIGERIA

Security is a significant part of an election management process. This is especially true in emerging, nascent and budding democracies like Nigeria where the electoral systems are still largely evolving. Voters’ participation, the credibility of electoral results and ultimately the legitimacy conferred on the emergent government, revolves somewhat on how well the security of the elections is managed. Underscoring the significance of elections security, Sean Dunne wrote that “the assurance of equitable security during an electoral process is essential to retaining the participants’ confidence and commitment to an election. Consequently, security is both integral to the goal of an election and an inseparable part of the electoral process.”1 The history of elections.... Read more.

GOOD PRACTICES ON GENDER AMONG WEST AFRICAN SECURITY AGENCIES

The poor representation and status of women in policing all over the world have become a reference point in any discourse on police transformation. In Nigeria, the status of women in Nigeria Police Force has been characterised by poor representation, male chauvinism, discriminatory rules and practices against women which have continuously hampered women’s participation in policing. Police organizations all over the world including the Nigeria Police Force are undergoing reforms aimed at meeting the needs of the communities they serve. Gender mainstreaming in the Nigeria Police Force is thus imperative in ensuring an absolute police reform where the needs of diverse groups of people including women are met….. Read more.

CRIME VICTIMIZATION, SAFETY AND POLICING IN NIGERIA

The significance of reliable data and statistics on the extent and pattern of crimes and victimization in a nation and its different constituent political administrative units is recognized by criminologists, criminal justice officials and criminal justice policy-makers.
However, the production of accurate crime and victimization data has been characterized by many problems. Some of the problems of collection and production of accurate crime and victimization are inherent in the nature of criminal activities, including efforts by criminals to conceal their actions and evade detection and arrest, capacity and practices of criminal justice agencies (police, courts and prisons). Information on crimes and victimization are obtained from three different sources: official statistics)…… Read more.
POLICE INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS IN WEST AFRICA The problem of how to make the police effective and accountable to the community it serves has continued to be of major concern to policing policy makers, scholars and civil society groups in many democratic societies as with societies in transition. Central to this concern is the timeworn question of how and who to monitor or oversee police exercise of the enormous, coercive and often-intrusive powers and discretion entrusted to them under the law? To this question, there have not been simple answers or easy solutions but continuing debates and dilemmas. Three issues stand out in the debates and dilemmas: How do you make the police more accountable…. Read more.
POLICE STATION VISITORS’ WEEK 2010 REPORT OF RESULTS The Police Station Visitors’ Week (PSVW) promotes accountability, transparency and accessibility of the police by and to the people. It also seeks to inspire improvement by facilitating interaction between the police and the people they police through which common a ground can be identified and challenges adequately addressed through continued dialogue. The overall global nature of the visit also provides governments, police leadership and civil society actors to draw from best practices from around the world and to strengthen police reform initiatives in their domestic … Read more.
NATIONAL CRIME AND SAFETY SURVEY 2010 SUMMARY REPORT The aim of the survey was to obtain information regarding Nigerians views on the extent, trend and patterns of criminal victimization in the country, the study was conducted in the 36 states of Nigeria and Abuja between February and May 2010.
The total sample size was 10,228 comprising 50% male and 50% female of 18 years and above. The methodology used in the data collection was the in-home, face to face personal interviews, using a stratified multi-stage random selection procedure in order to achieve a national representative sample. charts (PDF) / Summary report
POLICING ELECTION IN NIGERIA Conducting elections that are peaceful, free and fair, and whose results are widely accepted and respected across the country has remained the most daunting challenge of democratisation and democratic development in Nigeria since independence. All the elections that were conducted from that point to date have generated increasingly bitter controversies on a national scale. The underlying grievances have centred on the twin problems of mass violence and fraud that have become central elements of the history of elections and of the electoral process in the country. In such a context, establishing electoral credibility would require that security is provided for the electoral process in all its stages in an effective, transparent and accountable manner. Read more
SUMMARY REPORT OF THE LAGOS STATE CRIME AND SAFETY SURVEY 2009 The study adopted the Clustered, Multi-Stage, Probability Sampling Design while data was collected using personal, face to face interviews. The total sample size of the survey was 2000 and it covered the 20 local government areas (LGA) in Lagos State. 100 respondents were interviewed in each LGA. A representative sample was drawn using probability sampling procedure, thereby neutralizing any known form of bias that may affect the findings of the study. Every respondent within the study locations was given equal and calculable chance of either being included or exclude. … Read more
The Youth against Crime (YAC) Project of the CLEEN Foundation focused on mentoring young people in the schools to adopt positive outlook, increasing their participation in problem solving activities in the school and building rapportUIDE between them, their teachers and the police in the community. These were carried out through facilitation of quarterly interactive forums in the schools, where successful and positive role models who grew out of similarly challenged communities to become … Read more
The increasing spate of human rights abuses and violations by personnel of the Nigeria Police Force has continued to elicit concern among local and international human rights groups, media and general public. Lack of effective internal and external processes and mechanisms for holding police personnel accountable to the communities they serve has been identified as one of the main contributory factors to police abuses and impunity.
The public tribunals were therefore organized to contribute to finding solutions to these problems that plague police work in Nigeria … Read more
On November 8, 2004, the House of Representatives’ Committee on Police Affairs in collaboration with the CLEEN Foundation and the Open Society Justice Initiative (OSJI) organized a one-day interactive forum on review of the 1943 Nigerian Police Act. The objectives of the forum included bringing stakeholders on police and policing in Nigeria to brainstorm and identify priority issues that needed to be reviewed in the Police Act and setting in motion the machinery for the review of the Act. At the end of the highly , …. Read more
In March 2009, the CLEEN Foundation in collaboration with the Ford Foundation organized a two-day national conference on citizenship and identity politics in Nigeria, which brought together stakeholders from security agencies, academia, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), media, government departments and diplomatic community to the capital city of Abuja, to brainstorm and identify measures that could be implemented to address the problems identity-based politics and conflicts have wrought on the Nigerian State. This publication is a compilation of proceedings of the conference…. Read more
The challenges of policing women and children in Nigeria fall within the challenges of policing generally. Women and children have been described to form part of the vulnerable groups of persons that exist within the country. They are said to be vulnerable because the societal framework does not operate in their interest. Nigeria is a patriarchal and adult dominated society.
The Nigeria police force has been tasked with the responsibility of protecting the lives and properties of all citizens and everybody that lives :… Read more
The past year was a landmark for CLEEN Foundation as it entered its 10th year of working towards its vision of becoming the leading civil society organisation in public safety, security and justice in Africa. In that year we secured a permanent location and Resource Centre for our Lagos headquarters and also opened the branch office in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. As you read through the 2007 Annual Report, you will gain an overview into the workings, successes and challenges of justice sector and police reform. You will observe how research, programmes, advocacy and publications fuel CLEEN’s multifaceted appr… Read more
The challenges being faced by the Nigeria Police Force in the discharge of their duties which is the maintenance of law and order and protection of lives and property in the last few years has been one of the areas facing different democratic governments in the country. To address the problem, the Federal Government in 2006 under the leadership of Chief Olusegun Obasanjo GCFR set up a Committee for the Reform of the Nigeria Police. At the conclusion of the committee work, they made some recommendations which were not fully implemented… Read more
THE POOR AND INFORMAL POLICING IN NIGERIA

The research was undertaken in the four focal states of Access to Justice (A2J) in Nigeria: Benue, Ekiti, Enugu and Jigawa States. The methods of data collection used were a mixture of quantitative and qualitative, comprising interviews and focus group discussions. Read more.